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William Hoare RA, Portrait of Ayuba Suleiman Diallo

Portrait of Ayuba Suleiman Diallo, c.1733

William Hoare RA (c. 1707 - 1792)

RA Collection: Art

The etching depicts Ayuba Suleiman Diallo, who was also known as Job ben Solomon, from a family of Muslim clerics in Bundu, present-day Senegal, West Africa. In 1730, while travelling to the Gambia River to sell two enslaved people on his father's behalf, Diallo was himself captured and sold to agents of the Royal Africa Company, he was taken to Maryland where he was forced to work on a tobacco plantation.

In 1733, Diallo travelled to England with the Reverend Thomas Bluett. James Oglethorpe (director of the Royal Africa Company) had intercepted a letter written by Diallo in Arabic attempting to make contact with his father in Bundu. Diallo's literacy and intellect impressed Oglethorpe, causing him to arrange Diallo to be transported to London. During his stay in England, Diallo became known for his learning and piety and was presented at court. A public subscription was raised to buy Diallo's freedom and he returned to Africa in 1734. Diallo's memoirs, published in London in 1734, are among the earliest accounts of slavery written by an enslaved person.

This rare etching appears to be a version copied in reverse from the better-known print by William Hoare. Both are based on Hoare's painted portrait (now on loan to the National Portrait Gallery).

This print is part of the 'British School II' album, which originally contained 170 prints published between around 1713 and 1810. A significant number (around 15-20) have since been removed.

The album begins with a two-page prefatory text, written after 1837 (it refers to the RA’s move to Trafalgar Square that year). This text starts with two paragaphs about British art in the early eighteenth century (framed by Walpole’s remark that at the accession of George I ‘the arts in Britain were sunk to their lowest state’). The author continues by describing the origins of the Royal Academy and emphasising the role played by Academicians in the development of British art. A list of useful published sources for the study of British art in the eighteenth century is appended. There is no reference in this introduction to the prints included in the album, and little correlation between the prefatory text and the contents of the album. For instance, while the text emphasises the primacy of the RA in the development of British art during the eighteenth century, the album contains the work of no more than around fifteen full academicians, with artists such as Reynolds, West, Fuseli, Lawrence and Gainsborough not represented at all.



The album is organised chronologically by artist rather than engraver. In cases where printmakers have engraved a number of works by the same artist (e.g. Richard Houston and William Hoare, or John Faber Jr. and John Vanderbank) this leads to groups of prints by the same engraver, but the compiler’s interest is clearly more in the source artists than the printmakers.

The artists represented most prominently include: Michael Dahl, Jonathan Richardson the Elder, John Vanderbank, Jean-Baptiste Van Loo, Thomas Hudson, Allan Ramsay, William Hoare, Angelica Kauffman and Prince Hoare. As this list of artists suggests, portrait painters tend to be represented in greater depth: while there are many subject prints (landscape, history, etc.), these tend to be only one or two per artist. Overall the first half of the album consists mostly of portraits, and the second half mostly of landscapes and fancy subjects. The general uniformity of subject matter is occasionally disrupted by the presence of tickets, topographical prints and other unexpected items.

The prominence of William and Prince Hoare within the album, and the inclusion of rare prints connected with these artists, is noteworthy, and suggests a particular interest in the Hoares and perhaps a possible connection with the Hoare family.

There is little in the way of inscriptions to help identify previous ownership, although two prints carry the same ‘EP’ [presumably Edward Peart] pencil inscription lower left.

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Object details

Title
Portrait of Ayuba Suleiman Diallo
After
William Hoare RA (c. 1707 - 1792)
Date
c.1733
Object type
Print
Dimensions

203 mm x 160 mm

Collection
Royal Academy of Arts
Object number
12/2375
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