George Frederic Watts RA, Figure studies, possibly for 'Arcadia'

Figure studies, possibly for 'Arcadia'

George Frederic Watts RA (1817 - 1904)

RA Collection: Art

A sheet of figure studies of a standing female nude. The large drawing in the centre, in black chalk, shows a standing nude in contraposto with her left hand resting on her neck. Around this drawing are four further studies of a similar figure, holding a piece of drapery over one shoulder. The two drawings at the top are in black chalk with white for the drapery.

These are possibly preparatory drawings for 'Arcadia' (Private collection, 1890s), a painting of a standing, half-draped, female figure in a classical setting. However, the pose is also similar to several other compositions by Watts including 'The Judgement of Paris' (several versions, 1865-72, Faringdon Trust; 1872-79, Watts Gallery; 1885, Private collection), 'Thetis' (c.1866-93, Watts Gallery), 'Dawn' (c. 1887, Private collection) and an unfinished sculpture of the same name (also known as 'Aurora', Watts Gallery). According to Mary Seton Watts, the artist's wife, the painting of 'Dawn', was based on much earlier drawings of the model known as 'Long Mary' which were made in the 1860s.

The representation of nudes in a vertical format became popular with Watts and a number of his contemporaries, particularly after Ingres exhibited 'La Source' (Musée D'Orsay) at the 1862 International Exhibition. In the context of Victorian debates regarding the propriety of representing the nude in art, such classicising, upright poses were considered to be less suggestive than reclining poses and helped to make the genre more acceptable.

The life drawings in this group depict G. F. Watts's favourite model, Mary Bartley. A housemaid at Little Holland House where Watts lived as a guest of the Prinsep family, she became known as 'Long Mary' because of her great height and was persuaded to model for Watts. Her tall, statuesque figure can be seen in many of his paintings.

Mary Seton Watts, the artist's wife, wrote: 'When painting, Signor [Watts] referred to the studies made in charcoal on brown paper from this most splendid model [Long Mary] - noble in form and in the simplicity and innocence of her nature - a model of whom he often said that, in the flexibility of movement as well as in the magnificence of line, in his experience she had no equal. Many of the studies made from her are now in the possession of the Royal Academy and at the British Museum, while some are preserved in the Sculpture Gallery at Compton. They inspired his work from the first half of the 'sixties to the end of his life. The pictures 'Daphne', 'The Judgement of Paris', 'The Childhood of Zeus' - the Eve trilogy - 'Dawn', 'Olympus on Ida', 'The Wife of Midas', are notable examples of paintings in which he referred to these studies...'.

Long Mary is said to have died in the early 1870s but Watts continued to refer to the drawings he had made of her throughout his career. They formed what he called 'the grammar of the higher language of art'. Although he made many studies of Long Mary and of other models, his general aim in painting was to portray universal figures rather than individuals and he therefore created composite poses from various different drawings and then painted from these and from memory.

Further reading:

Mary Seton Watts, George Frederic Watts:The Annals of an Artist's Life, London, 1912, Vol II, pp. 44-5

All objects in this group

Object details

Title
Figure studies, possibly for 'Arcadia'
Artist/designer
Object type
Drawing
Medium
Black and white chalk on brown wove paper
Dimensions

583 mm x 369 mm

Collection
Royal Academy of Arts
Object number
04/196
Acquisition
Bequeathed by George Frederic Watts RA 1904
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